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Razer Synapse, the official Razer configuration utility, doesn't work on Linux however, there's a tool called Razercfg that allows configuring some of the Razer mice settings under Linux.

razercfg linux

The application only includes options that are supported by the mouse hardware, like changing the DPI, scan frequency (polling rate) and led colors. So for instance if the hardware doesn't support button remapping, Razercfg won't offer this option. That also means that Razercfg doesn't support macros.

Razercfg also allows saving and easily switching between profiles (Desktop, FPS gaming, RPG gaming, etc.).

Update: the tool now includes a tray / appindicator that allows you to easily switch between different profiles for your Razer mouse:

Razercfg tray

Razercfg supports the following devices:
  • Razer DeathAdder Classic
  • Razer DeathAdder 3500 DPI
  • Razer DeathAdder Black Edition
  • Razer DeathAdder 2013
  • Razer DeathAdder Chroma
  • Razer Krait
  • Razer Lachesis Classic
  • Razer Naga Classic mouse
  • Razer Naga 2012 mouse
  • Razer Naga 2014 mouse
  • Razer Naga Hex mouse
  • Razer Taipan mouse
  • Razer Mamba Tournament Edition 

The following mice are listed as stable, but missing minor features:
  • Razer Boomslang CE
  • Razer Copperhead
  • Razer Lachesis Classic

For a complete list of hardware features for each mouse, see the Razercfg homepage.

I also managed to add basic support for Razer Ouroboros mice (for both wired and wireless modes), based on this bug report, by using the Taipan code as a base (only basic features: enable/disable the led and change the DPI and scan frequency). This is available if you use the packages available in the main WebUpd8 PPA or by downloading the Debian packaging (you'll find the patch in the debian/patch folder).

Don't report bugs related to the Ouroboros on the Razercfg GitHub page since the app doesn't officially support it yet.


Install Razercfg in Ubuntu


Note that I only tested the packages in Ubuntu 16.04, which uses systemd, so I'm not sure if it will work in Ubuntu 14.04.

Razercfg is available in the main WebUpd8 PPA, for Ubuntu 16.04, 15.10, 15.04 and 14.04. Add the PPA and install the application using the following commands:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt update
sudo apt install razercfg qrazercfg
To also install the tray / appindicator, use the command below:
sudo apt install qrazercfg-applet

Adding the PPA is not required (but you won't receive any updates) - you can download the debs from HERE.

If the application doesn't detect your mouse (and the device is listed as supported), try restarting the system and also see the first note below.

Important:
  • if your system has an xorg.conf file (/etc/X11/xorg.conf), you'll need to make sure it doesn't specify a device (you can comment out the "Device" section) or configure it to use a generic device. The Razercfg GitHub page explains this in detail;
  • if the settings are not saved between system restarts, you can edit the /etc/razer.conf configuration file to specify various options and initial hardware configuration settings.

For other Linux distributions, see the Razercfg GitHub page.

Also see: How To Change The Mouse Scroll Wheel Speed In Linux Using imwheel.